Last updated: 11 November 2026.
Direct answer. The Chinese standards registry holds eighteen records for gear reducers. Eleven are current, six abolished, and one is published for April 2027. All eighteen are recommended; none is mandatory. Most current records cover robot-precision reducers and their bearings, while the general cylindrical and worm gearbox standards are abolished with no successor listed.
All eighteen Chinese national-standard records for gear reducers, which eleven are current, the three abolished gearbox standards with no listed successor, and the 2027 harmonic-drive revision.
If a Chinese supplier's drawing cites a GB/T number for a gearbox, that number is one of eighteen entries in the national registry. The registry tells you whether the edition is current, abolished or not yet in force, and it tells you what the standard is about. It does not contain a single torque figure, ratio, efficiency value or backlash allowance -- those live in the standard text, which the registry does not publish.
This page transcribes the registry's eighteen records for the query term that covers gear reducers, and then separates what the records themselves establish from what a buyer still has to ask for.
| Field | Result |
|---|---|
| Records returned | 18 (retrieved 18, zero shortfall across two pages) |
| Current | 11 |
| Abolished | 6 |
| Published, not yet in force | 1 |
| Mandatory (GB, not GB/T) | 0 -- all eighteen are recommended standards |
| Registry fields available | code, Chinese title, nature, issue date, effective date, status |
Two facts follow directly. First, there is no mandatory national standard for gear reducers, so the phrase "GB certified" cannot mean a compulsory certification for this product family on the strength of these records. Second, six of eighteen records are superseded, which is the practical risk: drawings age more slowly than standards do.
| Code | Chinese title | Issued | Effective |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB/T 11281-2009 | 微电机用齿轮减速器通用技术条件 | 2009-09-30 | 2010-02-01 |
| GB/T 14118-1993 | 谐波传动减速器 | 1993-01-21 | 1993-08-01 |
| GB/T 16444-2008 | 平面二次包络环面蜗杆减速器 | 2008-05-13 | 2008-11-01 |
| GB/T 30819-2024 | 机器人用谐波齿轮减速器 | 2024-09-29 | 2025-04-01 |
| GB/T 32798-2016 | XP型行星齿轮减速器 | 2016-08-29 | 2017-03-01 |
| GB/T 34884-2017 | 滚动轴承 工业机器人谐波齿轮减速器用柔性轴承 | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-01 |
| GB/T 34897-2017 | 滚动轴承 工业机器人RV减速器用精密轴承 | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-01 |
| GB/T 37165-2018 | 机器人用精密摆线针轮减速器 | 2018-12-28 | 2019-07-01 |
| GB/T 37718-2019 | 机器人用精密行星摆线减速器 | 2019-06-04 | 2020-01-01 |
| GB/T 39523-2020 | 精密行星摆线减速器扭转振动性能测试方法 | 2020-11-19 | 2021-09-01 |
| GB/T 40731-2021 | 精密减速器回差测试与评价方法 | 2021-10-11 | 2022-05-01 |
Read the titles as a group and the pattern is hard to miss. Six of the eleven are robot reducers or the bearings inside them (30819, 34884, 34897, 37165, 37718), plus two test methods aimed at precision reducers (39523, 40731). That is eight of eleven records written for robotics, not for conveyors, mixers, cranes or anything else driven by a general industrial gearbox.
Only three of the eleven are about general-purpose reducers at all: the worm-reducer standard GB/T 16444-2008, the XP-type planetary standard GB/T 32798-2016, and the micro-motor reducer standard GB/T 11281-2009.
| Abolished code | Chinese title | Issued | Was effective |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB/T 10090-1988 | 圆柱齿轮减速器基本参数 | 1988-12-10 | 1989-10-01 |
| GB/T 11281-1989 | 控制微电机用齿轮减速器系列 | 1989-03-31 | 1990-01-01 |
| GB/T 12473-1990 | 小模数圆柱齿轮减速器通用技术条件 | 1990-09-08 | 1991-10-01 |
| GB/T 16444-1996 | 平面二次包络环面蜗杆减速器系列、润滑和承载能力 | 1996-06-17 | 1996-12-01 |
| GB/T 16446-1996 | 平面二次包络环面蜗杆减速器技术条件 | 1996-06-17 | 1996-12-01 |
| GB/T 30819-2014 | 机器人用谐波齿轮减速器 | 2014-05-06 | 2014-12-31 |
The registry lists these as abolished and does not name a replacement in the fields it returns. Two consequences matter when you audit a drawing:
The same shape appears at GB/T 11281: the 1989 edition was titled "series of gear reducers for control micro-motors" and the 2009 edition is titled "general specification for gear reducers for micro-motors". The scope moved from a series listing to a general specification, and the word "control" left the title.
`GB/T 14118-2026` was issued on 2026-09-28 and takes effect on 2027-04-01. Its title is the same as the 1993 edition it will replace: 谐波传动减速器 (harmonic drive reducer).
Until that date the 1993 edition remains the current record. So a quotation written today that cites GB/T 14118-1993 is not wrong; it is simply dated, and it will need re-checking after April 2027. This is the only forthcoming record in the eighteen.
Three checks, all of which the registry can support and none of which requires the standard text:
| Check | What to ask for | Why the registry supports it |
|---|---|---|
| Edition currency | The exact code with year, not the bare number | Years matter here: 16444 and 30819 each exist in two editions with different status |
| Scope match | Whether the cited standard is a robot-precision standard or a general reducer standard | Eight of eleven current records are robot or precision-test standards |
| Mandatory claim | Ask what a "GB certified" claim actually refers to | All eighteen records are recommended; none is mandatory |
What the registry cannot do is verify a performance claim. Torque ratings, service factors, efficiency, noise, backlash values and test procedures inside a standard are not in these records. A supplier who quotes a backlash figure "per GB/T 40731" is quoting the standard's test method; whether the measured value meets your application is a separate question, and we do not print thresholds here.
For the surrounding context, our guides on gears and bearings cover the neighbouring standard families, and how Chinese standards are numbered explains what GB, GB/T and GB/Z mean before you use any of these codes in a contract.
No, on the evidence of the registry: all eighteen records returned for gear reducers are recommended standards (GB/T), and none is mandatory. That is a statement about these eighteen records, not a claim that no regulation anywhere touches the product.
The registry's general-purpose records are thin and partly dead. GB/T 16444-2008 covers double-enveloping worm reducers and GB/T 32798-2016 covers XP-type planetary reducers; the cylindrical gearbox standards GB/T 10090-1988 and GB/T 12473-1990 are abolished, and no replacement is named in the records.
Six: GB/T 10090-1988, GB/T 11281-1989, GB/T 12473-1990, GB/T 16444-1996, GB/T 16446-1996 and GB/T 30819-2014. GB/T 30819 is the clearest example of a straight edition change -- the 2024 edition replaced the 2014 one -- while the 1990s cylindrical and worm records show no successor in the registry fields.
GB/T 14118-2026 was issued on 28 September 2026 and takes effect on 1 April 2027. Until then GB/T 14118-1993 remains the current record for harmonic drive reducers.
Because that is where the recent work has been. Eight of the eleven current records cover robot-precision reducers, their flexspline and RV bearings, or the test methods for backlash and torsional vibration in precision reducers. Buyers of conventional gearboxes will find most of the current list irrelevant to their product.
All sources retrieved 11 November 2026. This page is an independent reading of the sources listed; the official pages themselves are the specification.
| Fact used on this page | Source |
|---|---|
| S1 — All eighteen records: codes, titles, nature, issue and effective dates, and current / abolished / forthcoming status; zero shortfall across two pages | SAMR national standards public registry, query term for "reducer" in Chinese, retrieved 11 November 2026 https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbQueryPage |