Last updated: 10 October 2026.
Quick answer. The register's gear search returns 192 records, but only 104 of them govern the gear itself. The two decisions that matter are which accuracy grade your drawing means and which load-capacity part you cite — and nothing compulsory governs the gear at all.
Why a gear search returns hoists and film projectors, what the register holds for the gear itself, and the standards a 2026 order should name.
Every standard number, title, status, issue date and effective date on this page comes from the national standards register's title search, retrieved on 10 October 2026 and listed at the end. The register publishes titles and dates only, and the English titles here are this page's translations.
This is a register-reading page. It sets out what China's national standards register contains for gears, which of those records govern a machined gear and which are about something else that happens to carry the same word, and which standard numbers a buyer placing an order for 2026 or 2027 delivery should be naming.
It does not tell you which factory to use, it does not quote a price, a minimum order or a lead time, and it does not restate the technical content of any standard. The register publishes titles, numbers, dates and status; it does not publish the text, and neither does this page.
A gear is a shaped part with teeth, so that is the word a buyer searches. The register's title search is a string match, and it does not care about the industry. Searching the two Chinese characters for gear returns 192 records in total, of which 138 are in force, 53 are superseded and 1 is pending.
Sorting those 192 by what their titles actually govern gives the split below. The grouping is ours, produced by a stated first-match rule over the returned titles rather than by the register, and it is the single most useful thing on this page:
| What the 192 records the term for "gear" returns actually govern | Records | In force |
|---|---|---|
| The gear itself: accuracy, load capacity, geometry, terms, blanks, inspection and tests | 104 | 72 |
| Gearboxes, reducers and transmission assemblies | 25 | 18 |
| Cutting tools and gear-cutting machines | 17 | 12 |
| Gear oils and lubricants | 15 | 12 |
| Measuring instruments, gauges and comparators | 13 | 10 |
| Other finished products and machinery that merely use gears | 10 | 6 |
| Construction hoists, lifts and access equipment | 4 | 4 |
| Bearings, couplings and valves named inside a gear search | 4 | 4 |
| Splines, and the tooling and gauges for them | 0 | 0 |
Read the bottom of that column and the trap is obvious. A buyer who searches the word for gear and takes the list at face value spends a fifth of it on something that is not a gear at all. The four records in the hoist block are an access-equipment family — a safety device for construction hoists and two inspection rules for rack-and-pinion goods-and-passenger hoists, plus an offshore-platform jacking unit. The ten in the products block cover a 35 mm film projector's intermittent sprocket (superseded), a timepiece face gear, a boat steering linkage, an electric-wheelchair geared motor, an automotive rack-and-pinion steering seal, and a lever-gear comparator — which is a dial gauge, not a gear. Two more are a machine-tool vocabulary standard and a gear data dictionary for mechanical systems.
This is the seventh time this site has documented the same behaviour in this register, after the conveyor-belt cord hiding inside a wire-rope search, the surgical implants inside a forging search, the ceramic materials inside a nitriding search, and the bricks inside a sintering search. The rule is always the same: search the word, then read every title before trusting the list.
One block is empty, and that is worth its own line. No record in the gear search is about a spline — but a spline is a toothed part a drawing may well call a gear. They live under a different search term, and the third search on this page covers them.
There is no single register entry for gears. The family sits in three title searches, and the counts below are what the register reported on 10 October 2026:
| Search term (Chinese) | English meaning | Records reported | Retrieved | In force | Superseded | Pending | Shortfall |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 齿轮 | gear | 192 | 192 | 138 | 53 | 1 | 0 |
| 齿轮箱 | gearbox | 9 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| 渐开线 | involute | 47 | 47 | 21 | 26 | 0 | 0 |
Two things about this table are worth stating precisely.
All three terms were retrieved in full. 192, 9 and 47 were all reported and all retrieved, with no page cap and no shortfall on any of them — so these are complete families, not samples. That is worth checking on any register query, because a term that returns several hundred records will be capped by the platform's paging limit and the count you see will not be the count you read.
The three terms overlap in one direction only. The gearbox term is mostly gear-oil and wind-turbine documents; the involute term is mostly the spline family and the involute gear-accuracy family, several of whose members also appear under the gear term. Neither is a substitute for the gear term, and none of the three on its own is a specification list.
If a drawing says "gear, grade 6" and nothing else, the number behind that grade is the single most consequential omission on the page, because the register carries two different accuracy systems plus small-module and bevel variants of each.
| Standard | What its title says it covers | Effective |
|---|---|---|
| GB/T 10095.1-2022 | Cylindrical gears — ISO system of flank tolerance classification, Part 1: definitions and allowable values of deviations relevant to flanks of gear teeth | 2022-10-12 |
| GB/T 10095.2-2023 | Cylindrical gears — ISO system of flank tolerance classification, Part 2: definitions and allowable values of radial composite deviations | 2024-03-01 |
| GB/T 11365-2019 | Bevel gears — accuracy system | 2020-05-01 |
| GB/T 10225-2025 | Fine-pitch bevel gears — accuracy | 2026-07-01 |
| GB/T 2363-2025 | Fine-pitch involute cylindrical gears — accuracy | 2026-03-01 |
| GB/T 13924-2008 | Involute cylindrical gears — accuracy, inspection instructions | 2008-11-01 |
| GB/T 38192-2019 | Accuracy system for injection-moulded plastic cylindrical gears — definitions and allowable values of flank deviations and radial composite deviations | 2020-05-01 |
| GB/T 15753-1995 | Circular-arc cylindrical gears — accuracy | 1996-07-01 |
Our reading. The 10095 series is written as an ISO flank-tolerance classification and the 11365 series as a bevel accuracy system; a drawing that names an accuracy grade without naming the system it is graded in has not yet specified the part. Note also that two of the eight entries above are 2025 issues whose effective dates fall inside 2026 — the fine-pitch families were rewritten together, and the superseded records behind them (GB/T 2363-1990, GB/T 10225-1988, GB/T 13924-1992) are already off the current list.
The other half of a gear specification is the calculation that says whether the tooth survives. The largest block in the gear family is the load-capacity series, and it has been partially rewritten.
| Standard | What its title says it covers | Effective |
|---|---|---|
| GB/T 3480.1-2019 | Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears, Part 1: basic principles, introduction and general influence factors | 2020-07-01 |
| GB/T 3480.2-2021 | Part 2: calculation of surface durability (pitting) | 2021-10-01 |
| GB/T 3480.3-2021 | Part 3: calculation of tooth bending strength | 2021-11-01 |
| GB/T 3480.5-2021 | Part 5: strength and quality of materials | 2021-12-01 |
| GB/T 3480.6-2018 | Part 6: calculation of service life under variable load | 2019-07-01 |
| GB/T 10062.1-2003 | Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears, Part 1: introduction and general influence factors | 2004-06-01 |
| GB/T 10062.2-2003 | Part 2: calculation of surface durability (pitting) | 2004-06-01 |
| GB/T 10062.3-2003 | Part 3: calculation of tooth root bending strength | 2004-06-01 |
| GB/T 10063-1988 | Simplified calculation of load capacity for involute cylindrical gears for general machinery | 1989-07-01 |
| GB/T 19406-2003 | Calculation of load capacity of involute spur and helical gears — industrial gear applications | 2004-06-01 |
| GB/T 13799-1992 | Calculation of load capacity of circular-arc cylindrical gears | 1993-10-01 |
| GB/T 44846-2024 | Calculation of load capacity of plastic gears | 2025-05-01 |
The guidance layer around it is where the newest material sits, and all of it is issued as `GB/Z` — a guiding technical document rather than a recommended standard:
| Guiding document | What its title says it covers | Issued |
|---|---|---|
| GB/Z 3480.4-2024 | Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears, Part 4: calculation of tooth flank fracture load capacity | 2024-04-25 |
| GB/Z 3480.22-2024 | Part 22: calculation of micropitting load capacity | 2024-04-25 |
| GB/Z 3480.20-2025 / GB/Z 3480.21-2025 / GB/Z 3480.31-2025 | Part 20: scuffing load capacity, flash-temperature method; Part 21: scuffing load capacity, integral-temperature method; Part 31: micropitting load capacity, calculation examples | 2025-12-03 |
| GB/Z 6413.1-2003 / GB/Z 6413.2-2003 | Calculation of scuffing load capacity of cylindrical, bevel and hypoid gears — flash-temperature method and integral-temperature method | 2003-11-25 |
| GB/Z 10062.20-2025 / GB/Z 10062.32-2025 | Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears, Part 20: scuffing load capacity, flash-temperature method; Part 32: ISO rating system, scuffing calculation examples | 2025-12-03 |
| GB/Z 115-2025 | Gears — calculation of load capacity of worm gear pairs | 2025-12-03 |
| GB/Z 22559.1-2008 / GB/Z 22559.2-2008 | Thermal power of gears, Part 1: thermal balance of gear units at an oil-bath temperature of 95 °C; Part 2: thermal load-carrying capacity | 2008-12-04 |
| GB/Z 43147-2023 | Recommendations for the design of bevel gears | 2023-09-07 |
| GB/T 33923-2017 | Design method for planetary gear transmissions | 2018-02-01 |
| GB/T 43146-2023 | Geometry of bevel and hypoid gears | 2024-04-01 |
Our reading. Two things stand out. First, the spur-and-helical series was completed in a single three-part push in 2021 — parts 2, 3 and 5 all issued in March, April and May of that year — so a load-capacity clause written before 2021 will name part numbers that the register no longer carries as current for those parts. Second, the newest material in this whole family is guidance, not specification: almost all of the 2024 and 2025 additions are `GB/Z` documents on flank fracture, micropitting and scuffing. A buyer who writes "load capacity per GB" has named a series and not a part, and the scuffing and micropitting parts are exactly where a drawing most often under-specifies.
This is the layer that decides whether a delivered gear is accepted, and it is the one buyers most often leave unnamed.
| Purpose | Records in force (register titles) |
|---|---|
| Inspection practice for cylindrical gears | GB/Z 18620.2-2008 (radial composite deviations, runout, tooth thickness and backlash), GB/Z 18620.3-2008 (gear blanks, centre distance and parallelism of axes), GB/Z 18620.4-2008 (surface texture and tooth contact pattern), and the 2025 editions GB/Z 18620.1-2025 (measurement of flanks) and GB/Z 18620.5-2025 (evaluation of gear measuring instruments) |
| Inspection practice for bevel gears | GB/Z 18620.6-2025 — bevel gear measurement |
| Fatigue and life testing | GB/T 14229-2021 (surface contact fatigue test method), GB/T 14230-2021 (tooth bending fatigue test method), GB/T 40729-2021 (fatigue life test method for precision gear transmissions), GB/T 45861-2025 (accelerated fatigue test specification for heavy-duty gearboxes, effective 2026-02-01), GB/T 46653-2025 (test method for vertically mounted gear transmissions, effective 2026-05-01) |
| Acceptance of a gear unit | GB/T 6404.1-2005 (airborne-noise test specification) and GB/T 6404.2-2005 (determination of mechanical vibration in acceptance tests) |
| Vibration of the assembled unit | GB/T 41850.9-2024 — measurement and evaluation of machine vibration, Part 9: gear units |
| Efficiency | GB/T 14231-2021 — determination of the efficiency of gear units |
| Scuffing behaviour of the lubricant | GB/T 19936.1-2005, GB/T 19936.2-2024 and GB/T 19936.3-2025 — the FZG test procedures, with the third part covering semi-fluid gear greases |
| Measuring instruments | GB/T 37161-2018 (evaluation of gear measuring instruments), GB/T 22097-2008 (gear measuring centres), GB/T 26090-2010 (tooth-pitch measuring instruments), GB/T 26091-2010 (single-flank composite error), GB/T 26092-2010 (helix measuring instruments), GB/T 26093-2010 (double-flank composite), GB/T 6467-2010 and GB/T 6468-2010 (involute and helix templates) |
| After grinding | GB/T 17879-2023 — chemical etch inspection of the surface temper after grinding |
| Heat treatment of a loaded gear | GB/T 38805-2020 — heat treatment technical requirements for heavy-duty gears |
| Fatigue-resistant manufacture | GB/T 39332-2020 — general technical requirements for high-precision, fatigue-resistant gear manufacturing |
| Cutters for making the gear | GB/T 6083-2016 and GB/T 6084-2016 (gear hobs — basic types and dimensions, and general technical conditions), GB/T 28252-2012 (pre-grinding hobs), GB/T 28247-2012 (disc-type gear milling cutters), GB/T 9205-2005 (inserted-tooth hobs), GB/T 14348-2007 (circular-arc gear hobs) |
| The blank before the teeth are cut | GB/T 39430-2020 (technical requirements for high-reliability gear blanks), GB/T 37682-2019 (steel castings for large open gearing), GB/T 37683-2019 (forgings for large gears and gear rings), GB/T 32254-2015 and GB/T 32253-2015 (precision hot forgings for straight bevel gears), GB/T 30569-2014 (precision cold forgings for straight bevel gears) |
| Gear steels | GB/T 33160-2016 (gear steel for wind power), GB/T 37786-2019 (gear steel for CNC machine tools) |
Our reading. The shape of this layer is worth naming: the inspection and test documents outnumber the product specifications roughly three to one, and several of them belong to the gear unit rather than to the gear. That matters at acceptance, because a rejected batch is usually rejected against a measurement document — GB/Z 18620.2 for a fine-pitch or medium gear, or GB/T 10095.1 for the flank tolerances themselves — and neither is normally named on the drawing.
Two boundaries follow from the list. The FZG scuffing tests are lubricant tests, not gear tests — they rank oils and greases against each other, which is why they sit in the guidance group above and not with the load-capacity calculations. And the forged blank for a bevel gear is a forging standard, covered on this site as a process rather than as a gear: our forging guide lists GB/T 37683-2019, GB/T 32254-2015, GB/T 32253-2015 and GB/T 30569-2014 in its own transmission block.
This register separates compulsory standards (numbered `GB`) from recommended ones (numbered `GB/T`), and the separation is the fastest way to see what the state regulates. Applied to this family the answer is unusually clean.
The gear search returns four compulsory records across the whole family, and all four are lubricants:
| Standard | What its title says it covers | Status | Effective |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB 5903-2011 | Industrial enclosed gear oils | In force | 2012-06-01 |
| GB 13895-2018 | Heavy-duty vehicle gear oils (GL-5) | In force | 2019-02-01 |
| GB 5903-1995 | Industrial enclosed gear oils | Superseded | 1995-12-01 |
| GB 13895-1992 | Heavy-duty vehicle gear oils (GL-5) | Superseded | 1993-11-01 |
Our reading, and it is ours. The pattern matches every other component family this site has read: the compulsory layer does not reach the part. Not one compulsory record in the gear search governs a manufactured gear — the two in force govern the oil it runs in, and the two behind them are their own earlier editions. For a buyer this has two consequences. A supplier cannot point to a compulsory national standard as the reason a machined gear is made a certain way, and the acceptance criteria for the gear itself are therefore a contract matter rather than a compliance one — which is why naming an accuracy system and a measurement document on the drawing does more work than naming "GB" does.
These are records in force today whose effective date falls after this batch, plus the replacements a 2026 order is most likely to get wrong.
| Standard | What its title says it covers | Effective |
|---|---|---|
| GB/T 3481.1-2025 | Gears — wear and damage to gear teeth, Part 1: nomenclature and characteristics | 2026-01-01 |
| GB/T 2363-2025 | Fine-pitch involute cylindrical gears — accuracy | 2026-03-01 |
| GB/T 10224-2025 | Fine-pitch bevel gears — basic tooth profile | 2026-03-01 |
| GB/T 12368-2025 | Bevel gear modules | 2026-03-01 |
| GB/T 12371-2025 | Bevel gears — dimensional data to be given on drawings | 2026-03-01 |
| GB/T 12370-2025 | Bevel and hypoid gears — terminology | 2026-05-01 |
| GB/T 6443-2025 | Involute cylindrical gears — dimensional data and other requirements to be given on drawings | 2026-05-01 |
| GB/T 46653-2025 | Test method for vertically mounted gear transmissions | 2026-05-01 |
| GB/T 10225-2025 | Fine-pitch bevel gears — accuracy | 2026-07-01 |
| GB/T 45861-2025 | Accelerated fatigue test specification for heavy-duty gearboxes | 2026-02-01 |
| GB/T 45865-2025 | General technical specification for precision electrically driven harmonic gear modules | 2026-02-01 |
| GB/T 12601-2026 | Harmonic gear transmissions — basic terminology | 2027-04-01 (pending) |
Our reading. The story is a single 2025 rewrite wave with two different clocks. Five parts of the fine-pitch and bevel family — accuracy, basic tooth profile, modules, terminology and the drawing requirements — were revised together and take effect across March, May and July 2026, and the documents they replaced (GB/T 12368-1990, GB/T 12370-1990, GB/T 12371-1990, GB/T 10224-1988, GB/T 2363-1990, GB/T 6443-1986) are already recorded as superseded. This is the one cluster on the page where a routine order is most likely to cite superseded numbers without anyone noticing, because a drawing template is copied forward far more often than it is re-read.
Two further replacements are worth flagging. GB/T 10095.1-2022 and GB/T 10095.2-2023 supersede the 2008 editions of the flank-tolerance classification, which superseded the 2001 editions — three generations in twenty years on the document most likely to appear on a gear certificate. And GB/T 17879-2023, the etch inspection of the surface temper after grinding, supersedes the 1999 edition.
The one pending record in the whole family is GB/T 12601-2026, issued on 28 September 2026 and effective 1 April 2027, which revises the 1990 terminology for harmonic gear transmissions. A current order does not need it; a 2027 drawing for a harmonic reducer will.
This page belongs with the other process guides in this site's manufacturing index. Three boundaries are worth stating.
The gearbox as a bought unit is not this page. Where the register carries a gearbox, a reducer or a transmission assembly — the wind-turbine gearbox design requirement, the robot harmonic and cycloidal reducers, the enclosed-gear-unit design series — the records are listed above as what they are, but the products themselves belong with the drive unit rather than with the cut gear. Where a gearbox appears inside a valve standard, that is a valve record: our industrial valves guide lists GB/T 44519-2024, "industrial valves — gearboxes for valves", in its own table.
A forged or cast gear blank is a forming standard. GB/T 37683-2019, GB/T 37682-2019, GB/T 32254-2015, GB/T 32253-2015 and GB/T 30569-2014 all sit inside the forging guide as well, and the choice between cutting teeth into a blank and forming them is a process decision that page covers.
A plastic gear is a different accuracy document. GB/T 38192-2019 governs injection-moulded plastic cylindrical gears, and the materials side of that route — including the acetal and nylon grades a gear is often cut from — is on our CNC machining guide. A geared hinge is a hardware item, not a gear: our door hardware guide covers continuous geared hinges among the hanging hardware categories.
The heat treatment a loaded gear receives is treated generally in our heat treatment guide, which also carries GB/T 17879-2023 and GB/T 38805-2020 from the other direction; dimensional acceptance of the finished gear belongs with the tolerances guide; and the sampling question — how much of a lot is measured, and at what rate — is treated for bought-in goods in our quality control guide. The three-level structure of the standard system itself is explained in our GB standards guide.
All register data retrieved 10 October 2026. The register publishes titles, numbers, dates and status only; the titles above are translated by this page, and the official Chinese titles are the specification. Status words the register uses are in force, superseded and pending.
Because the register's title search matches the characters, not the subject. The gear term returns 192 records, and grouping them by title shows 104 about the gear itself, 25 about gearboxes and transmission assemblies, 17 about cutting tools and gear-cutting machines, 15 about gear oils, 13 about measuring instruments, 10 about other products that merely use gears, 4 about construction hoists and access equipment, 4 about bearings, couplings and valves — and none about splines. The grouping is ours; the 192 is the register's.
The main term returns 192 records, and all 192 were retrieved, so the family is complete rather than capped: 138 in force, 53 superseded and one pending. Two adjacent terms add the edges of it — the gearbox term returns 9 records and the term for involute returns 47, the latter carrying the spline family that the gear term itself does not reach.
Not for the gear. The gear search returns four compulsory records and all four are gear oils — GB 5903-2011 and GB 13895-2018 in force, and their 1995 and 1992 editions superseded. Not one compulsory record in the family governs a manufactured gear, which means the acceptance criteria are a contract matter rather than a compliance one.
The clearest cluster is the fine-pitch and bevel rewrite: five parts issued together in 2025 and taking effect on 1 March, 1 May and 1 July 2026, covering accuracy, basic tooth profile, modules, terminology and the data a drawing must carry. The spur-and-helical load-capacity series was completed in 2021, the flank-tolerance classification was replaced in 2022 and 2023, and one terminology document for harmonic gear transmissions is pending for 1 April 2027.
Not against this register, because the register carries two accuracy systems plus small-module, bevel and plastic variants, each with its own document. The ISO flank-tolerance classification lives in GB/T 10095.1-2022 and GB/T 10095.2-2023; the bevel accuracy system is GB/T 11365-2019; and the fine-pitch accuracy documents GB/T 2363-2025 and GB/T 10225-2025 take effect in 2026. A grade without the system it is graded in does not identify the part.
All sources retrieved 10 October 2026. This page is an independent reading of the sources listed; the official pages themselves are the specification.
| Fact used on this page | Source |
|---|---|
| S1 — Every standard number, title, status, issue date and effective date on this page taken from the gear title search, including the 192 records reported with 138 in force, 53 superseded and 1 pending and all 192 retrieved with no shortfall; the complete accuracy, load-capacity, guidance, inspection, cutter, blank, gear-steel and transmission listings; the superseded generations of the flank-tolerance classification and of the fine-pitch and bevel family; the four compulsory records; the single pending record, issued 2026-09-28 and effective 2027-04-01; and the replacement relationships recorded by the register | National standards information public service platform, standards register title search operated by the Standardisation Administration of China — the gear title search (Chinese), retrieved 10 October 2026 https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbQueryPage |
| S2 — Every standard number, title, status, issue date and effective date taken from the gearbox title search — 9 records reported, 9 retrieved, 5 in force and 4 superseded, covering wind-turbine gearbox design requirements, the marine gearbox bench test method, the marine medium-speed diesel gearbox specification, the valve gearbox, the multiple-unit drive gearbox lubricant and the wind-turbine gearbox bearing | Same register, the gearbox title search (Chinese), retrieved 10 October 2026 https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbQueryPage |
| S3 — Every standard number, title, status and date taken from the involute title search — 47 records reported, 47 retrieved, 21 in force and 26 superseded — including the cylindrical straight-sided involute spline series, its gauges, hobs, broaches and the 30-degree, 37.5-degree and 45-degree pressure-angle dimension tables that carry the spline family the gear term does not reach | Same register, the involute title search (Chinese), retrieved 10 October 2026 https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbQueryPage |
| S4 — The rule used to group the 192 gear records is this page's own: an ordered first-match keyword classification applied to the returned titles, run as a script over the retrieved register data, with every record matched to exactly one group and none left unmatched | This page's own method; the grouping is not the register's and the register publishes no such classification https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbQueryPage |